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- PRONUNCIATION GUIDE
-
- to Sephiroth, Letters and Divine Names used on the Tree of Life,
- with some additions for the Lesser Pentagram Ritual.
-
- Adapted from:
- "QABALAH No. 1" by Bill Heidrick, Copyright (c) 1982
- and from: "O.T.O. Newsletter" #4, pp. 11-14, Copyright (c) 1978
-
- There are two common methods for pronouncing Hebrew, the
- Ashkenazic or German style and the Sephardic or Spanish style.
- The suggestions given below are for Sephardic pronunciation.
- Sephardic is closer to ancient Hebrew than is Ashkenazic.
-
- -oOo-
-
- THE MOST COMMON NAMES OF THE SEPHIROTH:
-
- First Sephira: KETER, Koph-Taw-Resh, meaning "Crown.
- Ke-ter --- e as in met. Accent first syllable.
-
- Second Sephira: CHOKMAH, Chet-Koph-Mem-Heh , meaning "Wisdom".
- Chok-Ma --- ch is a cough-like sound. o like in born. a like in father.
- Accent last syllable.
-
- Third Sephira: BINAH, Bet-Yod-Nun-Heh , meaning "Understanding"
- Bi-Na --- i like in police. a like in father. Accent last syllable.
-
- The Latent Sephira: DA'AT, Dalet-Ayin-Taw , meaning "Knowledge".
- Da-at --- a double "a" sound like that in bard. These two "a" sounds are
- separated by a "glottal stop", a sudden interruption of breath
- by very brief closing of the epiglottis. This unique sound is
- not used in English speech, but is sometimes used in German and
- in many other languages. When the Letter Ayin occurs in the
- middle of words, it almost always requires this effect.
- Accent the first syllable.
-
- Fourth Sephira: CHESED, Chet-Samekh-Dalet , meaning "Mercy".
- Che-sed --- Ch is a cough-like sound. Both e's are like in met.
- Accent first syllable.
-
- Fifth Sephira: GEBURAH, Gemel-Bet-Vau-Resh-Heh , meaning "Severity".
- Ge-boo-Ra --- e as the first in believe. oo as in moon. a as in father.
- Accent last syllable.
-
- Sixth Sephira: TIPHERET, Taw-Peh-Aleph-Resh-Taw , meaning "Beauty".
- Tip-E-ret --- i like in bit. Both e's like in met. Accent mid syllable.
-
- Seventh Sephira: NETZACH, Nun-Tzaddi-Chet , meaning "Victory through
- Endurance".
- Ne-tzach --- e as in met. a as in bard. ch like ck in "ICK!"
- (This ch sound is not in standard English).
- Accent the first syllable.
-
- Eighth Sephira: HOD, Heh-Vau-Dalet , meaning "Glory".
- Hod --- o like in bore.
-
- Ninth Sephira: YESOD, Yod-Samekh-Vau-Dalet , meaning "foundation".
- Ye-Sod --- e like the first e in believe. o like in bore.
- The last syllable should be louder.
-
- Tenth Sephira: MALKUT, Mem-Lamed-Koph-Vau-Taw , meaning "Kingdom".
- Mal-Koot --- a as in bard. oo as in moon. Last syllable accent.
-
- -oOo-
-
- THE NAMES OF THE HEBREW LETTERS:
-
- ALEPH, Aleph-Lamed-Pehfinal , meaning "Ox".
- A-lef --- A like in father. e like in met. Accent the first syllable.
-
- BET, Bet-Yod-Taw , meaning "Dwelling".
- Be-Yt --- e like in bet. Y like in yes. Accent last syllable.
-
- GIMEL, Gemel-Mem-Lamed , meaning "Camel".
- Gi-mel --- i like in bit. e like in met. Accent first syllable.
-
- DALET, Dalet-Lamed-Taw , meaning "Door".
- Da-let --- a like in father. e like in met. Accent first syllable.
-
- HEH, Heh-Aleph , meaning "Air Hole".
- He --- e like in bet.
- Note: There are several other Hebrew spellings for this letter, but
- they all have the same pronunciation. Unusual ways to spell the
- letters of Tetragrammaton are employed in Qabalah to obtain
- Gematria for the numbers of the four Qabalistic worlds. That
- subject is beyond the present topic, but can be taken up later
- if there is interest.
-
- VAU, Vau-Vau , meaning "Nail".
- Vav --- Just like English "Wow" except use an a like in father in place
- of the "o"
-
- ZAIN, Zain-Yod-Nunfinal , meaning "Sword".
- Za-yin --- a like in bard. i like in bit. Accent the first syllable.
-
- CHET, Chet-Yod-Taw , meaning "Fence".
- Chet --- Ch is a cough-like sound. e is like e in bet.
-
- TET, Tet-Yod-Taw , meaning "Serpent".
- Tet --- e like in bet.
-
- YOD, Yod-Vau-Dalet , meaning "Hand".
- Yad --- a like in father. Alternately: Yod --- o like in bore.
-
- KOPH, Koph-Pehfinal , meaning "Closed Hand".
- Kaf --- a like in father.
-
- LAMED, Lamed-Mem-Dalet , meaning "Ox Goad".
- La-med --- a like in father. e like in met. Accent the first syllable.
-
- MEM, Mem-Memfinal or Mem-Yod-Memfinal , meaning "Water".
- Mem or Meym --- e like in bet.
-
- NUN, Nun-Vau-Nunfinal , meaning "Fish".
- Noon --- just like the English "Noon".
-
- SAMEKH, Samekh-Mem-Kophfinal , meaning "Prop".
- Sa-mekh --- a like in bard. e like in met. Accent the first syllable.
-
- AYIN, Ayin-Yod-Nunfinal , meaning "Eye".
- A-yin --- A like in bard, but with a glottal stop, not normal to English,
- from an interruption of breath. Y like in yes. i like in bit.
- Accent the first syllable.
-
- PEH, Peh-Heh or Peh-Aleph , meaning "Mouth".
- Pe --- e as in met. Alternatively: e as in bet.
-
- TZADDI, Tzaddi-Dalet-Yod , meaning "Fish Hook".
- Tsa-De --- a like in father. e like in bet. The last syllable is louder.
-
- QOF, Qof-Vau-Pehfinal , meaning "Back of the Head".
- Qof --- o like in bore.
-
- RESH, Resh-Yod-Shin , meaning "Head".
- Resh --- e like in bet. sh like in wish.
-
- SHIN, Shin-Yod-Nunfinal , meaning "Tooth".
- Shin --- Sh like in wish. i like in police. Alternatively:
- Sin --- S like in sin. i like in police.
-
- TAW, Taw-Vau , last letter, meaning "Cross".
- Tav --- a as in father. v like "w" in English.
-
- -oOo-
-
- THE DIVINE NAMES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEPHIROTH
-
- EHEIEH, Aleph-Heh-Yod-Heh , meaning "I AM".
- E-he-ye --- First E like in met. Second e like the first e in believe.
- Third e like in met. Accent the first syllable.
-
- YAH, Yod-Heh , meaning "HE/SHE IS"
- Yah --- a like in father. Alternatively:
- Ye-Voh --- e like in met. o like in born. V and accent unchanged.
-
- YAHWEH ELOHIM, Yod-Heh-Vau-Heh Aleph-Lamed-Heh-Yod-Memfinal,
- meaning "HE/SHE MANIFESTS AS GODS & GODDESSS".
- Ye-Veh --- Both e's like in met. V like w in wind. --- meaning "He is."
- Alternatively:
- Ye-Voh --- e like in met. o like in born. V and accent unchanged.
- --- meaning "She is."
- Elo-Him --- E as in met but shorter. o as in bore. i as in police.
- Accent last syllable in both words.
- Note: Pronunciation of Tetragrammaton with Elohim traditionally uses
- the vowel points of Elohim. Otherwise, the vowel points of
- Adonai are used.
-
- EL, Aleph-Lamed , meaning "HE IS GREAT"
- El --- E as in met.
-
- ELOHIM GIBOR, Aleph-Lamed-Heh-Yod-Memfinal Gemel-Bet-Vau-Resh ,
- meaning "THE MALE AND FEMALE DEITIES ARE MIGHTY"
- "For Elohim, see above note."
- Gib-Bor --- i like in bit. o like in bore. Accent on last syllable.
-
- JEHOVAH ELOH Va-DA'AT, Yod-Heh-Vau-Heh Aleph-Lamed-Vau-Heh
- Vau-Dalet-Ayin-Taw
- meaning "HE/SHE IS DEITY & KNOWLEDGE"
- Ye-ho-Vah --- e like first in believe. o like in bore. a like in
- father. --- meaning "He is". Alternative:
- Ye-ho-Voh --- pronounced the same, except the second o is like in bore.
- Both alternatives have the V like an English "Wah" sound.
- Both that the accent on the third syllable.
- Elo-Ha --- E like in met but shorter. o like in bore. a like in bard.
- Accent last syllable.
- Ve-Da-at --- e like first e in believe. Both s's like in bard, but see
- the note above on "Da'at" for the necessary glottal stop.
- Middle syllable accented.
- Note: When the vowel points of Adonai are used to pronounce the
- Tetragrammaton, it comes out "Jehovah" instead of "Yahweh".
-
- JEHOVAH TZABAOT, Yod-Heh-Vau-Heh Tzaddi-Bet-Aleph-Vau-Taw,
- meaning "HE/SHE IS SPLENDOR"
- Ye-Ho-Vah or Ye-Ho-Voh, "He is" or "She is", respectively.
- See "Jehovah", just above.
- Tse-Ba-Ot --- e like first in believe. a like in father. o like in bore.
- Accent third syllable.
-
- ELOHIM TZABAOT, Aleph-Lamed-Heh-Yod-Memfinal Tzaddi-Bet-Aleph-Vau-Taw,
- meaning "MALE AND FEMALE DEITIES ARE SPLENDOR"
- See above for pronunciation: "Elohim" and "Tzabaot."
-
- SHADDAI EL CHAI, Shin-Dalet-Yod Aleph-Lamed Chet-Yod,
- meaning "ALMIGHTY GOD LIVES FOREVER"
- Sad-Day --- First a like in father. Second a like in bard.
- Accent last syllable.
- El --- E is in met.
- Chay --- Ch is a coughing sound. a as in bard.
-
- ADONAI MELEKH HA-ARETZ, Aleph-Dalet-Nun-Yod Mem-Lamed-Kophfinal
- Heh-Aleph-Resh-Tzaddifinal,
- meaning "LORD KING OF THE EARTH"
- Ado-Nay --- A as in bard but shorter. o as in bore. Last a as in father.
- Accent second syllable.
- Me-lek --- Both e's like in met. Accent first syllable.
- Ha-A-rets --- Both a's like in father. e like in met.
- Accent first syllable.
- Note: These three names are commonly used either separately or in
- combination.
-
- -oOo-
-
- HEBREW WORDS USED IN THE LESSER BANISHING RITUAL OF THE PENTAGRAM.
-
- ATEH, Aleph-Taw-Heh , meaning "THINE" or "UNTO THEE"
- At-Ta --- First a like in bard. Second a like in father.
- Accent second syllable.
-
- MALKUT, --- see above under Sephiroth.
-
- Ve-GEBURAH, --- see above under Sephiroth and next entry for prefix.
-
- Ve-GEDULAH, Vau-Gemel-Dalet-Vau-Lamed-Heh , meaning "AND THE GREATNESS"
- Ve-ge-doo-La --- e's both like the first in believe. oo as in moon.
- a as in father. Accent last syllable.
- Note: This is an alternate name for Chesed, the fourth Sephira.
- Also, the Hebrew letter Vau is equivalent to the English
- conjunction "and" when used at the front of a word.
-
- Le-OLAHM, Lamed-Ayin-Vau-Lamed-Memfinal , meaning "FOR ETERNITY" or
- "FOR ALL THAT EXISTS"
- Le-a'a-o-La-m --- e as first in believe. The "a'a" signifies a very light
- glottal stop; omit if too difficult. o as in bore.
- a as in father. The "La" is accented, but the sound
- should drop back to normal by the time you reach "m".
-
- AMEN, Aleph-Mem-Nunfinal , meaning an assertion of strong conviction.
- Am-En --- a as in father. E as in bet. Accent last syllable.
- Note: This word is used intact in English, but does not have quite
- the same religious connotations in Hebrew. There is no actual
- English equivalent outside profanity and slang.
-
- JEHOVAH, ADONAI, EHEIEH --- see above under Divine Names.
-
- AGLA, Aleph-Gemel-Lamed-Aleph , no direct meaning. This is a Noteriqon or
- mystical abbreviation of: Aleph-Taw-Heh Gemel-Bet-Vau-Resh
- Lamed-Ayin-Vau-Lamed-Mem-final Aleph-Dalet-Nun-Yod,
- Ateh Gibor Le-Olahm Adonai. That in turn means: "Thou art mighty
- forever O'Lord". Pronunciation is also cryptic, but using the
- initials of the component words and their attendant vowel points,
- we get:
- A-gi-le-A --- a as in bard. i as in bit. e as the first one in believe.
- A as in bard. The last syllable should take the accent, but
- even sylliblation is undecided.
-
- RAPHAEL, Resh-Peh-Aleph-Lamed , meaning "GOD HEALS"
- Re-Fa-El --- e as first one in believe. a as in father. e as in bet.
- Accent the last two syllables.
-
- GABRIEL, Gemel-Bet-Resh-Yod-Aleph-Lamed , meaning "GOD IS MIGHTY"
- Gab-Ri-El --- a as in bard. i as in police. E as in bet.
- Accent the last two syllables.
-
- MICHAEL, Mem-Yod-Koph-Aleph-Lamed , meaning "LIKENESS OF GOD"
- Mi-Ka-El --- i as in police. K like a light clearing of the throat.
- a as in father. E as in bet. Accent the last two syllables.
-
- URIEL, ARIEL, Aleph-Vau-Resh-Yod-Aleph-Lamed , meaning "LIGHT OF GOD", or
- loosely, "Lucifer"
- oo-Ri-El --- (The initial Aleph is silent --- no "a" sound here)
- oo as in moon. i as in police. e as in bet.
- Accent the last two syllables.
-
- -oOo-
-
- By now, the reader has had a chance to try these
- pronunciations, and is just possibly a bit discouraged.
- Actually, once a start has been made at book-taught
- pronunciation of Hebrew, the worst is over. ow, but not when
- you made your first attempt, there are a few simple tricks to
- getting the sounds put together right. First, do each
- syllable separately, as though they were distinct words.
- Second, try the accent by making the unaccented syllable words
- more quiet and the accent syllable word louder. Finally,
- build fluency by saying the entire word as a smooth sound
- instead of distinct syllables. Pick an English word to get
- the feel of this final stage. Take an English Dictionary, and
- practice putting words you already use together by the
- pronunciation guide just after the first listing of the word
- in the dictionary. You will find yourself making the same
- natural errors in accent and fluency with these common words
- that you are making with Hebrew. The "feel" of the clumsiness
- of the pronunciation is the same for English as it is for
- Hebrew. Likewise the "feel" of a well pronounced word is the
- same.
- Example: Take the English word: "Success". A good
- dictionary will write: "(s*k-ses')"..."*" will be an
- upsidedown "e". The front of the dictionary will explain the
- sounds made by things like the upsidedown "e" symbol and the
- other sound symbols. The apostrophe (') symbol comes just
- after the accented syllable. Pretend that you have never used the
- word before and try it. If it comes out: Suck-ces, you will be
- able to hear yourself enough to see how to make the word sound
- more correct. Work on the Hebrew until it "hears" like English to
- you.
- There is one more trick to this that is a bit harder, but
- which works for some people. If you are not sure of several
- minor differences in pronunciation for a given word, simply
- try to say them all at the same instant. The resulting stress
- produces an odd twisting in the mouth and can more closely
- duplicate natural speech sounds than any purely academic
- methods can possibly manage.
-
- ---- O'h yes, CROWLEY is pronounced Crow-lee, not Craughli!
-
- --- TSG
-
-